Women played three roles in society (Moser, 1993). In the reproductive sphere, she is expected to bear children and eventually care for until they are fit to be a part of the labor force. Meanwhile, in the productive sphere, their work which is either unpaid or is seen as supplementary to men. That is why although they performed the same kind of work, women are paid less than men. The third role that women played can be seen in the community where they act as community managers of resources. Often, this role is being done in order to provide the social needs of the community. Furthermore, there are numerous women's studies conducted in Philippines and Vietnam including the roles played by women in the community. For instance, Eviota (1992) has written about the condition of Filipino women in the Philippines during the pre-colonial times until the post-Japanese war. Moreover, Eviota (1992) observed that in the productive sphere, there has been a disparity in wages between men and women ever since the American